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Modification of Natural Graphite and Artificial Graphite

The difference in processing technology and raw materials will determine the final product. graphite powder Natural graphite is separated from artificial graphite. Graphite is an excellent choice for anode materials in lithium-ion batteries because of its low lithium cost and high efficiency.

Analyse of natural graphite

Natural flake graphite can be used to make natural graphite. It is then modified to produce spherical natural Graphite. Although natural graphite has many advantages, there are some drawbacks to it.
Natural graphite exhibits many defects on the surface, high specific area and low efficiency.

PC-based electrolyte can cause serious problems such as solvated lithium Ion co-embedding. This leads to graphite peeling and expansion, and ultimately, battery performance failure.

The anisotropy of natural graphite means that lithium ion is difficult to embed from the end faces. It also makes it easy for lithium ions to be precipitated. The majority of artificial graphite is made from dense petroleum coke, needle coke, or other precursors. However, there are some issues such as poor magnification, low temperatures performance, and easy separation of lithium.

Modifications to natural graphite

Different surfactants were applied to the graphite to fix its surface imperfections and toler electrolyte well.

To improve magnification of natural graphite, the first step is to modify the surface pore structure. After etching with strong alkali (KOH), the solution was diluted in aqueous water.

You can also use strong oxidants to treat the surface of graphite. This will passivate it and make natural graphite more efficient.

Third, fluorinate natural graphite by using ClF3. Effectively, the cycle life and charge/discharge ratio are improved.

The amorphous graphite can also be coated to form “coreshell” structures. The carbon source for amorphous Carbon is typically pitch, phenolic or other low temperature pyrolytic material. Because of the long distance between carbon layers, the presence of a carbon coating can reduce interfacial impedance and isolate electrolyte from the particles. Enhance the intercalation or diffusion of lithiumion.

To solve the anisotropy problem in natural graphite, mechanical treatments are often employed to shape the particle morphology. An air flow shaping device uses wind to create particles that rub against each others and to cut corners. The method doesn’t introduce any doping impurities. It has high efficiency and will result in the pulverization a large amount of particles with low yield.

Mechanical fusion machines use the material to spin at high speeds in a rotor. The material clings on to the wall with the help of centrifugal force and then passes between the stator extrusionhead and the rotor at high velocity. This is when the material will be subject to extrusion force and shear pressure. To achieve the goal of spheroidization, the surface is subject to the friction between particles and other particles.

Natural graphite’s particle sizes are reduced to 15-20 mm after the spheroidization process. The first efficiency and performance of the cycles is clearly improved. Magnification performances can also be greatly enhanced.

Modifications to Artificial Graphite

Modifications of artificial graphite. The modification process of artificial graphite has a different structure than that of natural graphite. Reorganizing the particle structure of graphite can reduce the OI value (position degree) of graphite grains. A needle coke precursor of between 8-10mm in diameter is chosen. The carbon source for the binder is typically asphalt. A number of needle coke particles can be bonded using drum furnace treatment. The secondary particles, with a size of between 14-18mm, are used for graphitization. This will reduce the Oi values of the material.

Graphite Powder Pricing

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Graphite Pulver Supplier

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The difference in processing technology and raw materials will determine the final product. graphite powder Natural graphite is separated from artificial graphite. Graphite is an […]

Boron Nitride Properties

Boron nutride is composed of both nitrogen and boron. You can divide the crystal structure into hexagonal oxygen nitride, WBN, and cubic oxygen nitride.
The hexagonal boron-nitride crystal has the same graphite layered structures as graphite. This gives it its name “white graphite”. Theoretical density: 2.27g/cm3, specific gravity: 2.43, Mohr Hardness = 2.
Hexagonalboron nitride is good at electrical insulation, thermal conductivity and chemical stability. Although hexagonal boron-nitride has the same expansion coefficient as quartz, its thermal conductivity exceeds that of quartz by tenfold.
Hexagonalboron nitride is not able to dissolve cold water. The water boils slowly, producing a very small amount of ammonia and boric acids. It is not soluble in hot acids and cannot be broken down with potassium hydroxide and molten sodium hydroxide.

Boron Nitride Properties
1. The heat resistance is high: Sublimation at 3000 at 1800. This strength can also be air-cooled at 1500 to ambient temperature for several dozens of time and not softens at 2800 in inert gases.
2. High thermal conductivity. The hot-pressed products behave the same way as pure iron. And 33W/M.K’s thermal conductivity is higher than that of ceramic materials at 530C.
3, Low thermal expansion coefficient. The thermal shock resistance of ceramics is excellent due to its low expansion coefficient (2 x 10-6).
4. It has excellent electrical characteristics: it is good at insulation at high temperatures (1014 O-cm.2000 at 25 and 1033 O-cm. It’s the most efficient ceramic high-temperature insulating material, with a breakdown voltage 3.0V/MV, low loss of 108HZ 2.5×10-4, and dielectric constant 4. This product is transparent to microwave and ultraviolet.
5. Excellent corrosion resistance: It does not react to iron, copper or aluminum. It is compatible with rare earth metals and precious metals as well as semiconductor materials (germanium-siliconium, potassium arsenide), glass and molten salts (crystals, fluoride, or slag), inorganic acids, and alkali.
6. Low friction coefficient U of 0.16. This is an increase in resistance to high temperatures than graphite or molybdenum sulfide. The oxidation atmosphere can withstand up to 900C and vacuum at 2000.
7. The purity of high purity B is very high. Its impure content is below 10 PPM, while its content in B is greater than 43.6%.
8. Machinability: Its hardness is Morse 2. This allows it to be machined into precise parts using general machining.

Where is hexagonal Boron Nitride used?
Hexagonalboron nutride is used for making composite ceramics with TiB2/BN and other advanced materials.

Particular uses
1. Boron Nitride is used to release metal for molds and as a lubricant in wire drawing.
2. At high temperatures, special electrolysis and resistance materials made of boron-nitride
3. Boron nitride can be used for high temperatures solid lubricants.
4. Boron Nitride is suitable to heat seal a transistor’s desiccant or as an additive to polymer, such as plastic resin.
5. Boron nitride products can be formed into different shapes to serve as heat dissipation and insulation components.
6. Boron nitride can be used as a thermal shielding agent in aerospace.
7. Cubic boron nutride can be converted by the use of catalyst to make it as hard and as durable as diamond using high temperatures and high pressure treatments.
8. Boron nitride, the structural material in an atomic bomb reactor.
9. Boron Nitride is suitable to be used as a nozzle in rocket engines and planes.
10. Boron Nitride is an insulator that can withstand high voltage, high frequency electricity, and plasma arc.
11. Boron nitride can be used to protect against neutron radiation.
12. Boron nitride is a superhard material that can be turned into cutting tools, drills and other high-speed equipment for drilling oil wells and geological exploration.
13. Boron Nitride is used inmetallurgy to separate ring of continuous-cast steel, flow groove, amorphous and demolding agent for continuous casting aluminum.
14. Boron nitride can be used to evaporate all forms of capacitor film plating.
15. Boron nitride can be used for all types of fresh-keeping, aluminized bags such as those that are water resistant.
16. Boron nitride can be used for a range of trademark gilding, laser anti-counterfeiting aluminum platings, and all types of cigarette, beer, and packaging boxes.
17. Cosmetics are compatible with Boron nitride. Non-toxic and lubricating lipstick filler, also available in glossy form.

Boron Nitride Price
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Boron nutride is composed of both nitrogen and boron. You can divide the crystal structure into hexagonal oxygen nitride, WBN, and cubic oxygen nitride. The […]

Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder CAS 12039-88-2

About Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder :
Tungsten silicide (WSi2) is an inorganic compound, a silicide of tungsten. It is a conductive ceramic material. Tungsten silicide reacts violently with substances between strong acids, fluorine, oxidants and halogens. WSi2 as an anti-oxidation coating performs well in applications. In particular, similar to molybdenum disilicide MoSi2, the high emissivity of tungsten disilicide makes this material attractive for high-temperature radiant cooling and has the meaning of a heat shield.

Silicide is used in microelectronics as contact material, with a resistivity of 60-80μΩcm; it forms 1000°C. It is usually used as a shunt for polysilicon wires to increase their conductivity and increase signal speed. The silicide layer can be prepared by chemical vapor deposition, for example, using monosilane or dichlorosilane and tungsten hexafluoride as the source gas. The deposited film is non-stoichiometric and requires annealing to convert to a more resulting stoichiometric form. Tungsten silicide is a substitute for the early tungsten film. Tungsten silicide can also be used in microelectromechanical systems and oxidation-resistant coatings. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder in bulk.

Characteristics of Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder:
Tungsten silicide WSi2 powder (CAS 12039-88-2) has a high melting point, high corrosion resistance, high oxidation resistance, good electrical
conductivity, high-temperature ductility, a binary alloy system the intermediate phase.

Technical Parameter of Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder:

Product Name	MF	Purity	Particle Size	Melting Point	Density	Color
tungsten silicide	WSi2	99%	5-10um	2165℃	9.4 g/cm3	black

Chemical Composition of Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder:

WSi2	W	Si	C	P	Fe	S
＞99%	＞76.1%	balance	0.01%	0.02%	0.20%	0.004%

How is Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder produced?
Tungsten powder and silicon powder are used as raw materials for synthetic silicide tungsten powder. They have an average of 24 hours in acetone. The starting powder is used in the measurement of thermal measurements, while the powder is 5: 1. Dry substances and dried, acetone evaporation. The preparative mixture was heat-treated at different temperatures at 50 ° C at different temperatures of 1250 to 1400 ° C. The heating rate is 10k · min -1. The mixture was placed in a tube furnace and heat treatment was carried out in an argon flow for 4 hours. After the heat treatment is over, the furnace is cooled to room temperature.

Application of Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder :
Tungsten silicide WSi2 powder is used in microelectronics as an electric shock material, shunting on polysilicon wires, anti-oxidation coating and resistance wire coating. Tungsten silicide is used as a contact material in microelectronics, with a resistivity of 60-80μΩcm; it is formed at 1000°C. It is usually used as a shunt for polysilicon lines to increase their conductivity and increase signal speed. The tungsten silicide layer can be prepared by chemical vapor deposition, such as vapor deposition. Use monosilane or dichlorosilane and tungsten hexafluoride as raw material gas. The deposited film is non-stoichiometric and requires annealing to transform into a more conductive stoichiometric form.
Tungsten silicide can replace the early tungsten film. Tungsten silicide is also used as a barrier layer between silicon and other metals.
Tungsten silicide is also very valuable in micro-electromechanical systems, in which tungsten silicide is mainly used as a thin film for the manufacture of microcircuits. For this purpose, a film of tungsten silicide can be plasma-etched using, for example, silicide.

Packing & Shipping of Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder:
We have many different kinds of packing which depend on the tungsten silicide WSi2 powder quantity.
Tungsten silicide WSi2 powder packing: vacuum packing, 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Tungsten silicide WSi2 powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

Tungsten Silicide Properties
Other Names	tungsten disilicide, WSi2 powder
CAS No.	12039-88-2
Compound Formula	WSi2
Molecular Weight	240.01
Appearance	Gray Black Powder
Melting Point	2160℃
Boiling Point	N/A
Density	9.3 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O	N/A
Exact Mass	239.904786


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About Tungsten Silicide WSi2 Powder :Tungsten silicide (WSi2) is an inorganic compound, a silicide of tungsten. It is a conductive ceramic material. Tungsten silicide reacts […]

Good heat impact resistant material Aluminum Nitride

How does Aluminum Nitride play a role in the world? The main applications aluminum nitride Powder: Thermal conductive filler, for thermal conductive paste or thermal conductive grease. The aluminum nitride has many uses in photoelectric technology, such as in the optical storage interface, which can serve as an electron substrate, electric induction layer, and wafer carrier. Because of its piezoelectric effects, epitaxial extensions of aluminum nitride crystallines are also useful in detecting surface acoustic signals. On a silicon wafer, the detector is placed. This thin film can be produced only in a few locations. High room temperatures, high temperature strength and low thermal conductivity make aluminum nitride clays ideal for high-temperature structures of heat exchangers. Use aluminum ceramics or their dissolution properties as casting materials for Al, Cu, Ag and Pb can be made.

What properties is aluminum nitride?
AlN It can stabilize up to 2,200. It is sensitive to room temperatures and has a high intensity. However, the intensity drops slowly as temperature increases. Good heat resistance materials have a high thermal conductivity and a low thermal expansion coefficient. The crucible material is ideal for making pure iron, aluminium, and aluminum alloys. It has a low rate of molten metallic erosion. Aluminium nitride can also be used to make an electrical component. Aluminum nitride protects gallium arsenide from ionization during annealing by coating it with aluminum nitride. The aluminum nitride also acts as a catalyst for the conversion of hexagonal to cubic boron nutride. Slow reaction at room temperature with water. You can make this from aluminum powder at 800 to 1000 in an ammonia- or nitrogen atmosphere. The product will be white to gray-blue and it is easily synthesized. You can make it from aluminum powder at 800 to 1000 in ammonia or nitrogen atmosphere. It is then distilled into a gray-white powder using the Al2O3–C-N2 process, which takes place between 1600 and 1750. Aluminum chloride, ammonia can be produced by gas phase reaction. Vapor deposition can be used to synthesize coatings from AlCl3/NH3.

Aluminum Nitride prices
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Aluminum Nitride supplier
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How does Aluminum Nitride play a role in the world? The main applications aluminum nitride Powder: Thermal conductive filler, for thermal conductive paste or thermal […]

What is lithium stearate used for?

What exactly is lithium stearate and how does it work? The lithium salt of the stearic acid is what lithium stearate looks like. It is found in lithium hydroxide, cooking butter and other animal fats.
It can be used to grease general purpose machinery and is highly resistant to water. The versatility of lithium stearate allows it to be used at low and high temperatures. This makes it a versatile product that can be used in many different industries. It is used both as a general-purpose grease in cosmetics, and also as a plastics stabilizer. This compound is also a corrosion inhibitor in petroleum because of its unique properties.

How is lithium-stearate used?
It is also useful as an oil thickener in both synthetic and natural oils.
It’s a great advantage in the manufacturing of light metal molds.
It’s a richer grease that is highly suitable for use at very high temperatures.
It may increase the melting temperature and improve the elastic properties of microcrystalline wax.
Because of its higher melting point (22 degC, versus 140), lithium stearate has a greater resistance to consistency loss.
You will be amazed at its anti-rust, anti-corrosion and other properties.
Lithium stearate is water-resistant, but it works best in different environments.
It is a fantastic sealant.

What does lithium soap mean?
The fatty acid salt lithium 12-hydroxystearate can also be called “lithium soap”. This is the soap most commonly used to stabilize or thicken grease. Lithium-salt soaps tend to be better than those with counterions like sodium, calcium, and barium.

Lithium Stearate Pricing
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What exactly is lithium stearate and how does it work? The lithium salt of the stearic acid is what lithium stearate looks like. It is […]

Copper Sulfide CuS Powder CAS 1317-40-4

Product Name: CuS Powder Copper Sulfide Powder CAS 1317-40-4
Purity: min 99%
Copper sulfide is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula of CuS or CuI2CuII(S2)S. Therefore, two-thirds of the sulphur is actually a persulfate ion, and two-thirds of the copper is a cuprous ion, which is dark brown and extremely polar. Insoluble, it is one of the most insoluble substances (second only to silver sulfide, mercury sulfide, and sulphide sulfide) because its poor solubility makes some seemingly unacceptable reactions.

About Copper Sulfide CuS Powder:
Copper sulfide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CuS, so it is actually a mixture of cuprous sulfide and supersulfide and is a black and brown amorphous powder or granular substance. It is extremely insoluble and is one of the most difficult substances to dissolve because its insolubility allows some seemingly impossible reactions to occur. Bonding in copper sulfide cannot be correctly described in terms of simple oxidation state forms because the properties of the Cu-S bond are somewhat covalent rather than ionic and have a high degree of delocalization, resulting in a complex electronic band structure.
Copper sulfide is a compound and mineral, which can be divided into three categories: single sulfide, disulfide and mixed single sulfide. Copper sulfide is naturally occurring in nature as a mineral, called cuprizone. It conducts electricity moderately. Both synthetic materials and minerals contain copper sulfide.
Copper sulfide describes a series of compounds and minerals from which minerals and synthetic materials are composed. Some copper sulfides are economically important ores. The main copper sulfide minerals include Cu2S(chalcocite) and CuS(copper porphyry).In the mining industry, bornite or chalcopyrite consisting of a mixed copper-iron sulfide is often referred to as “copper sulfide”.In chemistry, “binary copper sulfide” is any binary compound of the elements copper and sulfur. Regardless of their origin, the composition of copper sulfides varies greatly at 0.5 Cu/S 2 and includes many non-stoichiometric compounds. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Copper Sulfide CuS Powder in bulk.

How is Copper Sulfide CuS Powder produced?
No sulfur and copper directly mixed heating to prepare copper sulfide, because the oxidation of sulfur is weak, the reaction will generate a mixture of copper sulfide and cuprous sulfide:
2Cu+S==△==Cu2S , Cu+S==△==CuS
Can make copper powder and sulfur dissolved in carbon disulfide reaction at 100℃ to produce pure copper sulfide:
Cu+S==100℃ , CS2==CuS
Laboratory preparation of copper sulfide is usually prepared by adding H2S gas or soluble sulfide (such as sodium sulfide) into copper salt (mainly copper chloride and copper sulfate) solution through double decomposition reaction:
CuCl2+H2S====CuS↓+2HCl (weak acid to strong acid)
This reaction can occur because copper sulfide is too insoluble, causing the equilibrium to shift to the right.
CuSO4+Na2S====CuS↓+Na2SO4

Applications of Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder:
Copper sulfide has the following uses:
Solar cell
Superionic conductor
photodetector
Conductive electrode
Photothermal spectral analysis conversion equipment
Microwave shielding coating
An active absorber of radio waves
Gas sensor
Infrared radiation polarizer

Storage Condition of Copper Sulfide CuS Powder:
The damp reunion will affect CuS powder dispersion performance and using effects, therefore, Copper Sulfide CuS Powder should be sealed in vacuum packing and stored in a cool and dry room, the Copper Sulfide CuS Powder can not be exposure to air. In addition, the CuS powder should be avoided under stress.

Packing & Shipping of Copper Sulfide CuS Powder:
We have many different kinds of packing which depend on the Copper Sulfide CuS Powder quantity.
Copper Sulfide CuS Powder packing:vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Copper Sulfide CuS Powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express, as soon as possible once payment receipt.
Copper Sulfide CuS Powder CAS 1317-40-4插图

Copper Sulfide Properties
Other Names	copper(II) sulfide, copper(II) sulphide, CuS powder
CAS No.	1317-40-4
Compound Formula	CuS
Molecular Weight	95.61
Appearance	Black Powder
Melting Point	500℃
Boiling Point	N/A
Density	4.6 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O	N/A
Exact Mass	94.901672


Copper Sulfide Health & Safety Information
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Product Name: CuS Powder Copper Sulfide Powder CAS 1317-40-4Purity: min 99%Copper sulfide is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula of CuS or CuI2CuII(S2)S. Therefore, two-thirds […]

Properties and Characteristics of Nickel Titanium Alloy

Nickel Titanium Alloy has a unique set of features that make it one of the most popular metal alloys. This includes its superior fatigue strength, resistance to corrosion and ferroelectricity as well as shape memory and superelasticity.
The shape memory
One of the most popular alloys is Nitinol, which incorporates nickel and titan. It’s used extensively in medical devices including implants for orthopedics, stone extractions, and endovascular stents.

It has many benefits, such as its low manufacturing cost, biocompatible properties, flexible manufacturing capabilities, and high-quality. The alloy is difficult to work with. It is difficult to machine this alloy due to the extreme strain hardening that results from a cutting power. This alloy has a complex deformation mechanism that is still not fully understood. Engineers can train this alloy to be adaptable to different conditions.

Nickel and titanium form Nitinol. This is an alloy that has shape memory properties. Nitinol is able to return to its initial form after heating. Nitinol has superelasticity. Because of differences in their crystal structures, titanium and nickel have different qualities that give the alloy its elastic properties.

It is widely used in dentistry, medicine, aerospace engineering and high-performance engineered systems. It is typically composed of 50 to 60% nickel and 45 to 50% titanium. It has been used to make dental crowns and orthodontic files. This alloy is easily shaped by additive manufacturing.

Researchers have examined Nitinol. K. Otsuka studied, among other things, the range for shape recovery temperatures in Cu-Zn alloys. K. Enami conducted another study and found that Ni-36.68 At. Nitinol has the exact same shape memory effect in Pct Al Martensite.

Nitinol, also called shape memory alloy because of its ability to return to its original form after it has been deformed, is sometimes known as Nitinol. But, this alloy’s form memory effect differs from other shape memory alloys.

Nitinol is super elastic and can return to its original shape even after it has been deformed. The alloy is resistant to corrosion. It is ideal for use in dental equipment, especially for those with serious oral disease.

Superelasticity
Many studies have been done to increase the superelasticity and strength of nickel-titanium alloys. The superelasticity phenomenon refers to the fact that after being damaged, a material will automatically recover its original shape and stresses. Also known as superelasticity alloys, these metals can also be called metals that have shape memory.

The stress-induced martensitic transforms are what cause superelasticity in metals. It can either be a single-stage or two-stage transformation. Two-stage processes involve the formation an intermediate R-phase. R-phase can be described as a phase of rhombohedral. It is more difficult to recover strain from the transformation than that of martensite/austenite.

The heat treatment of nickel titanium alloys may alter their superelasticity. Temperature of heat treatment can have a significant impact on NiTi properties.

NiTi-alloys can be modified by adding chromium. NiTi alloys contain about one-tenth of their atomic weight. Deformation ability of the alloy is affected by the chromium. It’s a well-known fact that superelastic nickel titan alloys have mechanical properties that are affected by the proportions of austenitic or martensitic forms.

The use of superelastic alloys has been demonstrated in dental and medical instrument design. In the biomedical sector, NiTi’s superelasticity has been proven to be beneficial. The alloys are also capable of being deformed to a maximum of twenty percent.

Tohoku University researchers have been researching a new superelastic alloy. New alloy features improved fatigue resistance, increased flexibility and greater strength. This alloy can also withstand extreme shock loads and is extremely resistant to corrosion.

For extended periods in the body, this new alloy has superior durability. This alloy can also be machined before heat treatment.

This new alloy can also be lubricated easily. This alloy is a great candidate to be used in space-related mechanisms due to its superior resistance against corrosion. It’s also an attractive tribological material.

Corrosion resistance
Cu-Ni alloys were originally used in copper seawater pipework for naval applications. Over time researchers created an alloy of copper and nickel with better heat resistance and corrosion resistance. It was ultimately chosen to replace copper seawater pipework in naval applications.

It is highly resistant to corrosion cracking caused by chloride stress. This alloy also exhibits excellent oxidation resistance. A protective oxide film formed on the alloy’s surface makes it resistant to corrosion.

Alloy-825, an austenitic Nickel-iron-chromium alloy, was designed to be extremely resistant to corrosion in a broad range of environments. It’s resistant to sulfuric or phosphoric acid and hydrofluoric acid. Alloy 825 can also withstand reducing environments. It’s also resistant to intergranular and crevice corrosion.

Cu-Ni alloys exhibit high resistance to crevice corrosive. The passive film on the surface is destroyed and crevices are formed. This is due to the dissolution in the crevice of metalions. Speed is an important factor that can lead to crevice erosion.

Cu-Ni is more noble than other steels. They are stronger than stainless steels in resisting corrosion. They are used frequently in areas that require corrosion resistance and flexibility. They can be combined with other alloys.

A common medical device alloy is nickelol. It’s an equiatomic mixture of nickel and titan. This alloy is extremely elastic and has superelasticity. Nitinol has a shape memory property. It is used also in pacemakers. Nitinol has a long history of resistance to corrosion, which is why it can be used in many environments.

Superior fatigue resistance
Numerous processing methods have been created to modify the properties and performance of nitinol alloys. They include heat treating, alloying, mechanical processing and other methods. They allow you to achieve the best balance between material properties. Because Nitinol has a complicated alloy it can be difficult to machine using conventional methods.

All Nitinol-based alloys are super elastic. Superelasticity refers to a very high response time to stress. When stress is applied to this alloy, it creates a shape memory effect. This effect occurs when stress is applied to the alloy. The alloy then returns to its original state. Average Young’s modulus (for Nitinol) is 40-75 GPa.

Nickel titanium alloys are used extensively in medical devices. They are ideal for such applications due to their high compression strength, corrosion resistance, and kink resistance. These materials also possess a very high fatigue strength. They can withstand up to eight percent strain beyond their transformation temperatures.

But these alloys come at a high price. In order to take advantage of the superelasticity provided by nitinol the industry created several unique manufacturing processes. These manufacturing processes must be validated by strict standards.

It is found in orthotic wires, radio antennas, and eyeglass frames. Due to its high flexibility, Nitinol is well-suited for medical purposes. This alloy is resistant to corrosion. These alloys can be difficult to make and will require extensive knowledge about the metal’s properties.

Heat treatment can improve the fatigue life for Nitinol alloys. This allows you to achieve the best balance between material properties. It involves heating the alloy and changing the composition of titanium and nickel. This involves shrinking the cross sectional area of an alloy. This reduces the alloy’s cross-sectional area by about 30%.

There are three heat treatment methods: plasma nitriding (PCMDA), plasma-assisted microwave chemical vapor duposition (PCMDA), or plasma-assisted molten vapor deposition. To inoculate with nitrogen the aDLC layers, plasma-assisted microchemical vapor desposition (PCMDA), is also used. This is an important step for stress relief.

Ferroelectricity
NITINOL coupling provides high reliability, durability, and a large temperature range. It’s simple to create and is very easy to maintain. The material is becoming more popular in the aerospace industry. The automotive industry uses it for transmission systems. Additionally, new uses for it are being researched in the field of memory devices.

Recent research has revealed a multiferroic chemical. It has ferromagnetism, ferroelectricity and other ferroic qualities. This compound is an attractive strategy for finding new materials. Additionally, this compound has a dielectric transition that can be reversed. This is caused by the movement of tetraethylammonium (cations) Temperature increases will cause the dielectric constant of the compound (e’), to increase by a slight amount. The compound is therefore a potential application as a temperature-switching molecular dielectric material.

Nickel Titanium Alloys Powder Pricing
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Nickel Titanium Alloy has a unique set of features that make it one of the most popular metal alloys. This includes its superior fatigue strength, […]

Why nano silicon powder can be used as a semiconductor material

What’s nano silicon powder? Nano silicon powder The smallest diameter of crystal silicon particles is 5 nanometers. This corresponds to one billionth of 1G meters. High purity, small particles size, uniform distribution and low loose density are the hallmarks of nanosilicon powder. This product is tasteless and non-toxic. This new type of optoelectronic materials, nano silicon powder, is made with high-power light source materials and wide gap energy semiconductors.

Use nano silica powder
First, you can make nano silicon powder into nanosilicone wire. Or graphite can be coated on top of the nano silicon powder, and then used to charge the lithium battery. This increases its capacitance, and reduces the cycle time of the rechargeable. Second, nano silicon powder is used in high-temperature-resistant coatings and refractory materials. Additionally, nanosilicon can be added to layers in order to make silicon nanofilms. This is a widely-used material in solar energy. Nano silicon and diamond powder are combined under pressure to form a silicone carbide diamond composite material. It can be used for cutting to replace graphite or nanocarbon powder as the anode material. This greatly improves the performance of lithium-ion batteries.

The human body is exposed to the dangers of nano silica.
Silica fumes can do the greatest harm. Silicosis is caused by prolonged inhalation in large quantities of silica oxide (SiO2) dust. Silica dust gets into the lungs and inhales lung macrophages. This releases active ingredients that can stimulate fibroblasts’ production of more collagen. Silica dust stimulates macrophages to produce lysosomal and cellular enzymes. It can also destroy SiO2’s protein-coated surface, expose cell membranes damaged, and release lysosomal inhibitors. Silica dust can cause lipid peroxidation as well as free radicals. It can damage macrophages and even kill them. It can also stimulate neighboring fibroblasts to produce collagen. To produce more collagen fibers, silica dust is released by macrophages. As time goes on, silicosis develops.

Prices for nano silica powder
Because of the differences in their chemical and physical properties, prices for various nanosilica powders can vary. High purity nanosilica powders can improve strength and endurance of concrete and decrease the amount of alkali. They also reduce water consumption. The purity of the nano-silica powder will determine its price. On our website, you can see the current price for nano silica.

Boron nano silica powder
The Advanc3dmaterials Advanced Material Nano Technology Co. Ltd. Luoyang City (Henan Province), China. This is a trusted and reliable global supplier of chemical materials and manufacturers. With more than 12 years experience, it can provide high quality chemical materials and nanotechnology products, such as nano silica powder and nitride and graphite powders, and sulfide and 3D printing powders. We are happy to help you find high-quality but cost-effective nanosilica powder. Get in touch You can always inquire.

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What’s nano silicon powder? Nano silicon powder The smallest diameter of crystal silicon particles is 5 nanometers. This corresponds to one billionth of 1G meters. […]

Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder CAS 1304-76-3

About Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder:
Bismuth trioxide (bismuth oxide) is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula Bi2O3. Pure products are type α, type β and type δ. The α type is a yellow monoclinic crystal with a relative density of 8.9 and a melting point of 825 ℃, soluble in acid but insoluble in water and alkali.β-type is bright yellow to orange, intragenic, relative density 8.55, melting point 860 ℃, soluble in acid, insoluble in water. It is easily reduced to bismuth metal by hydrogen and hydrocarbons.δ-Bi2O3 is a special material with a cubic fluorite structure and 1/4 of the oxygen ion position in the lattice is vacant, so it has very high oxygen ion conductivity. The main application objects of bismuth oxide are electronic ceramic powder materials, electrolyte materials, photoelectric materials, high-temperature superconducting materials and catalysts. Bismuth oxide is an important additive in electronic ceramic powder materials, purity is generally required to be above 99.15%, the main application objects are zinc oxide varistor, ceramic capacitor, ferrite magnetic materials in three categories.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide or water-soluble carbon dioxide reacts easily with Bi2O3 to form bismuth subcarbonate. Bismuth oxide is considered to be an alkaline oxide, which explains its high reactivity with carbon dioxide. However, when an acidic cation such as Si(IV) is introduced into the bismuth oxide structure, the reaction with carbon dioxide does not occur. Bismuth (III) oxide reacts with a concentrated mixture of sodium hydroxide and bromine or with a mixture of potassium hydroxide and bromine to form sodium bismuth or potassium bismuth, respectively. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder in bulk.

Performance of Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder：

The pure products of bismuth trioxide have α type and β type. The α type is a yellow monoclinic crystal with a relative density of 8.9 and a melting point of 825 ℃. It is soluble in acid, insoluble in water and alkali. The β-type is a bright yellow to orange, cubic crystal system, relative density 8.55, melting point 860 ℃, soluble in acid, insoluble in water. It is easily reduced to metallic bismuth by hydrogen, hydrocarbons, etc.

Technical Parameter of Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder：

Bi2O3%	99.99min
Cu	8
Ag	8
Mg	6
Sb	/
Ni	/
Zn	5
Bi	/
Mn	/
Ca	5
Fe	6
Cd	5
Co	3
As	/
Si	8
Al	6
Se	4
Pb	4
Sn	4
Na	/

How is Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder produced?
1. Drop the sodium hydroxide solution without carbon dioxide into the bismuth nitrate solution (80 ~ 90 ℃) to make it mixed. During the precipitation process, the solution remains alkaline, and the white, bulky-expanding bismuth oxide hydrate Bi(OH)3 precipitates. The solution is heated, and after a short time of stirring, it dehydrates yellow bismuth trioxide. After water decanting washing, filtration and drying, bismuth oxide was prepared.
2. Add 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide water solution without carbon dioxide to 0.1mol/L bismuth nitrate solution dissolved in 1mol/L nitric acid (at 80 ~ 90℃) in a nitrogen atmosphere to make them mixed. The solution remains alkaline during the precipitation process. Although the white and bulky-expanding bismuth oxide hydrate Bi(OH)3 precipitates, it dehydrates into light yellow bismuth trioxide after stirring in a hot solution for a while. The bismuth oxide was obtained by decanting and washing with water without air and carbon dioxide 15 times, then filtered and dried.
3. After the metal bismuth is loaded into the graphite crucible for melting, an arc is formed between the graphite electrode and the metal liquid surface under the flow of oxygen, and the metal is heated and oxidized. To ensure adequate oxygen supply, the crucible should be placed in a large container and continuously supplied with oxygen. The reaction temperature ranges from 750 ℃ to 800℃, and the purity of β-bismuth trioxide is more than 99.8%. After quenching the product in water or on a cold metal plate, the high-temperature phase β-type product is obtained.
4. Slowly add Bi(NO3)3·5H2O acidic solution (20g dissolved in 2mol/L HNO3) into excess sodium carbonate solution and stir vigorously.Bi2O3CO3 was precipitated, filtered, washed and dried.β-Bi2O3 was obtained by placing it in an aluminum boat and heating it in the air at 650K for about 1.5h
5. The basic bismuth nitrate is burned at 400 ~ 500℃, and the NO3- ion is removed about (3 ~ 4h) :
2BiONO3=Bi2O3+NO+NO2+O2
The finished product will turn lemon yellow after cooling.
6. Wash the surface of 16kg99.9% industrial bismuth with a small amount of dilute nitric acid, and then wash the surface with conductive water to remove nitric acid. Then add 1:1 high-purity nitric acid (35kg nitric acid with 1.42 RDH and 20L conductivity water), finish with 1, and continue the reaction for 10min after addition. The filtrate was heated to 65 ~ 70℃, evaporated and concentrated to a relative density of 1.9, cooled and crystallized, then dried to obtain bismuth nitrate. Use the bismuth nitrate obtained conductance water to dissolve a dilute solution, hydrolysis under stirring, let stand to make alkali type bismuth nitrate precipitation, precipitation with centrifuge dry or suction filter, and then use thermal conductivity water washing several times, the suction filter after drying, crushing, 7 ~ 8 h at 500 ℃ calcination, a bit cold after pulverization, burning 4 ~ 5 h again, after cooling for a quick high purity bismuth oxide by 99.99%.

Applications of Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder:
Bismuth oxide is used to prepare bismuth salt.
Bismuth oxide is used as electronic ceramic powder material, electrolyte material, photoelectric material, high-temperature superconducting material, catalyst.
Bismuth oxide is an important additive in electronic ceramic powder materials, purity is generally required to be above 99.15%, the main application objects are zinc oxide varistors, ceramic capacitors, ferrite magnetic materials three categories; As well as glaze rubber complex, medicine, red glass complex and other aspects.

Storage Condition of Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder：
Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder should keep the container sealed and stored in a cool, dry place, and ensure that there is a good ventilation or exhaust device in the workplace.

Packing & Shipping of Tellurium Oxide TeO2 powder：
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in a vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection..
Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.
Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder CAS 1304-76-3插图

Bismuth Oxide Properties
Other Names	bismuth trioxide, Bi2O3 powder
CAS No.	1304-76-3
Compound Formula	Bi2O3
Molecular Weight	465.96
Appearance	Light Yellow Powder
Melting Point	817 °C
Boiling Point	1890 °C
Density	8.9 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O	N/A
Exact Mass	465.945541


Bismuth Oxide Health & Safety Information
Signal Word	Warning
Hazard Statements	H315-H319-H335
Hazard Codes	Xi
Risk Codes	36/37/38
Safety Statements	26-36/37
Transport Information	NONH

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About Bismuth Oxide Bi2O3 powder:Bismuth trioxide (bismuth oxide) is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula Bi2O3. Pure products are type α, type β and […]

Why molybdenum powder is one of the trace elements necessary for plants?

What’s molybdenum powder? Molybdenum Powder The material is both hard and flexible. It is strong even when heated up to extremely high temperatures. It can be stored in normal air temperatures. At high temperatures it will burn to form molybdenum dioxide. It is possible to combine with chlorine or bromine. It’s insoluble in hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, and bromine. It is soluble in hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid. You should expect uniformity in colour and no visible inclusions. Additionally, molybdenum dust can be broken down into light molybdenum and molybdenum particles (PCC), respectively. You can manually control the properties of molybdenum dust, including its colour and particle size as well as dispersion, rheological, thixotropy, crystal structure, and surface properties. Additionally, molybdenum is a powder that has high chemical purity and strong chemical inertness. The powder will not undergo decomposition below 400.

Molybdenum powder preparation
Industrial production uses molybdenum triooxide. This can be reduced by hydrogen to form molybdenum I. Secondary ammonium molybdate, which can then be heated and treated with acid to get molybdenum trichoxide. The hydrogen is then reduced in an electric tubular furnace. However, molybdenum can also be reduced with carbon to make it powder. The purity is low. To make molybdenum powder, heat molybdenum dioxide at 450700. Then, reduce it at 9001100 in the second stage.

Use molybdenum pulver
Fool is used to make large slabs. Fmo-2 is used in silicon-controlled wafers as well as molybdenum tips. Fmo-2 can be used for powder metallurgy and building materials as well as in chemistry and petroleum. Molybdenum can be used in trace element fertilizer and as an essential trace element for plants.

Security of molybdenum-powder
High heat can cause molybdenum to explode, or it may burn and burst when the powder is exposed to too much heat. The molybdenum will react to oxidants strongly to make molybdenum Oxide. It is best to pack your product in a clear plastic polyethene container. Make sure the cap is tightened and that the plastic bottle is placed in an wooden box. You can also pack the product in an iron bucket that is lined with plastic bags. Each bucket (or box) should have a weight of at least 30 kg. You should write “moisture-proof”, “fragile” and “upward” on the wooden box/iron bucket. It is important that the product be kept dry in an air-conditioned warehouse, free from acids and alkali. Protect the product from moisture, rain and heat during shipping. Half a year is the storage time for molybdenum dust. Use soap and water to wash your skin and eyes if you come in contact with molybdenum dust. You should consult your doctor if it’s serious. Take enough water to incite vomiting. Use a dry powder fire extinguishing product to save yourself in the event of a fire.

Prices for molybdenum powde
Price of molybdenum dust will depend on its particle size and purity. The purchase volume may also have an effect on how much powder you buy. Large quantities of small amounts will result in a lower price. On our official website, you can see the price for molybdenum powder.

Molybdenum Powder Supplier
The Advanc3dmaterials Advanced Material Nano Technology Co. Ltd. Luoyang City is located in China’s Henan Province. (Advanc3dmaterials). This company, a trusted global supplier of chemical materials and manufacturer, has been around since 1999. They have more than 12 years experience producing high quality chemical materials and nanotechnology products, such as molybdenum and graphite powders, nitride and graphite powders, and 3D printing and other powders. We are happy to help you find high-quality molybdenum powder at a reasonable price. Get in touch You can also inquire at any time.

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What’s molybdenum powder? Molybdenum Powder The material is both hard and flexible. It is strong even when heated up to extremely high temperatures. It can […]

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